Flossing is an essential part of the tooth-cleaning process because it removes plaque between the teeth and gum line which is where periodontal disease often begins. Dentists recommend flossing at least once daily after brushing your teeth. It should be noted that overly vigorous or incorrect flossing can result in gum-tissue damage.

Proper flossing techniques

1. Wind 18 inches of floss around middle fingers of each hand. Pinch floss between thumbs and index fingers leaving one to two inches free. Use thumbs to direct floss between upper teeth.

2. Keep a one to two inch length of floss taut between fingers, use index fingers to guide floss between contacts of the lower teeth.

3. Gently guide floss between the teeth by using a zig-zag motion. Do not snap floss between your teeth.

4. Floss each tooth thoroughly with a clean section of floss.

If your gum begins to bleed or is tender while flossing, it is typically a sign that you are not flossing frequently or are using an ineffective or improper flossing technique. Bleeding is almost never an indication to discontinue flossing. However, having said that, if after a week or so of practising correct, diligent and thorough flossing, you still notice regions that bleed, you should consult your dentist. In many cases, the solution may be as simple as a routine dental cleaning.

The goal of flossing and brushing is to scrub dental plaque from the surface of your teeth. Plaque formation begins immediately after cleaning but takes about 24 hours to fully form and so flossing is recommended once daily. When left undisturbed, plaque can transform into tartar. Tartar is simply calcified plaque and the minerals needed for the calcification process come from saliva and other oral fluids.

The initial stages of the transformation of dental plaque into tartar can take place in as little as 24 to 72 hours. Once tartar is fully formed on your teeth, it cannot be brushed or flossed off.